Kulekerera Kutentha ndi Kuyeretsa Mikhalidwe ya Zodetsa Zomwe Zimapezeka Pachitukuko cha Maselo
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timawononga maselo tikuphatikizapoEscherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, yisiti, nkhungu, mycoplasma ndi mavairasi. Kodi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timeneti tingathe kuletsa kugwira ntchito pazifukwa ziti?
1) Escherichia coli
E. coliAli ndi mphamvu yotsika yolimbana ndi kutentha. Kuviika m'madzi otentha pa 60°C kwa mphindi 30 kumapangitsa kuti mabakiteriya asamawonongeke; kutentha pa 70°C kwa mphindi pafupifupi 3 kumapha mabakiteriya; madzi otentha pa 100°C amawaletsa kugwira ntchito mkati mwa mphindi imodzi kapena zitatu.
2) Staphylococcus aureus
Maselo omera opanda sporesS. aureusAli ndi mphamvu zopirira kutentha pang'ono ndipo sangathe kupirira kutentha kwambiri. Kusamba m'madzi kwa 60°C kwa mphindi 30 kumachotsa mabakiteriya ambiri amphamvu; chithandizo pa 70°C kwa mphindi 10 chimalepheretsa maselo omera kugwira ntchito.
3) Yisiti
Maselo a yisiti nthawi zambiri amasiya kukula pamwamba pa 47°C. Kutentha kwawo koyenera kukula kumakhala pakati pa 20°C mpaka 30°C, ndipo kutentha koyenera kwa kuwira ndi 40–42°C. Maselo a yisiti amaphedwa mkati mwa mphindi zochepa pa 55–56°C.
4) Nkhungu
Nkhungu zimapulumuka mosavuta ndipo zimaberekana m'malo amdima komanso achinyezi pa 20–30°C. Kutenthetsa nkhungu zambiri pa 80°C ndikuzisunga kwa mphindi 20 kumapangitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizifalikire. Komabe, nkhungu (zoberekera zoberekera) zimalimbana ndi kutentha kwambiri ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuzichotsa ndi madzi otentha pa 100°C; kutentha kwambiri pa 121°C kwa mphindi pafupifupi 10 kungayambitse kuti nkhungu zisamagwire ntchito.
5) Mycoplasma
Mycoplasma ndi mabakiteriya osavuta opanda makoma a maselo ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timadzichulukitsa tokha (nthawi zambiri 0.1–0.3 μm m'mimba mwake). Kutentha kwawo koyenera kukula ndi 35°C, ndipo amamva kutentha kwambiri. Kupezeka pa 100°C kwa mphindi 5 kumapha mycoplasma kwathunthu.
6) Mavairasi
Mavairasi nthawi zambiri amakhala osavuta kutenthedwa. Mavairasi ambiri amakhala osagwira ntchito pakatha mphindi 30 pa kutentha kwa 55–60°C, ndipo masekondi ochepa okha owira pa kutentha kwa 100°C ndi okwanira kuti azitha kugwira ntchito yonse.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-09-2026